This African Songye Kifwebe mask, measuring approximately 3.5" h by 3.25" w and 2" deep, is a small passport mask traditionally used by members of the Bwadi Bwa Kifwebe Secret society. The term "Kifwebe" translates to "mask" in the Songye language. Small passport masks served to mark the passage of an initiate into the men's secret society and his elevation into higher ranks. These masks were presented at meetings of senior members to indicate their right to participate in deliberations. Diviners also recommended small masks be given to children to wear for protection against evil or to cure illnesses. The face is decorated with pigmented linear incisions and features a protruding, square mouth. A central crest signifies a masculine mask, while the absence of a crest indicates a feminine mask.