Abstract black & white geometric abstract acrylic on paper by Robert Ludwig. Robert Ludwig, b. 1924, grew up in Washington, D.C. and has lived in New York for most of his life. He studied physics at George Washington University and did graduate work at Princeton University before deciding to become a painter. He received a BA in painting and sculpture magna cum laude from the University of Minnesota, and studied drawing at The Minneapolis Institute of Art. Ludwig uses horizontal and vertical lines to create simple geometric divisions, which are then filled with rich yet subtle monochromatic colors. Not confined to a single medium, Ludwig has created works in charcoal, paint, pastels and graphite. The geometric format, combined with tonal and spatial interplay, and the vigorous hand of the artist, create an optical ambiguity between the open and closed space that engages the viewer in this delicate visual balance. Robert Ludwig has exhibited widely in group and solo shows. His work has been published in several magazines, and has been reviewed in The New York Times, Art News, Arts Magazine, The Village Voice, and other publications.