The history of the holophane company began in paris in 1893. The french engineer andré blondel, with the help of the greek engineer spiridion psaroudaki, invented “prismatic molded glass”. This process uses the principle of light diffraction. By cutting the glass into the shape of prisms cleverly distributed over its surface, the light beams can be oriented in a desired direction. On september 30, 1893, andré blondel filed the patent for his invention which he named “holophane”. dimensions h 27 / d 18 cm - complete restoration with brass polishing while keeping their original patina (possibility of total shiny-mirror polishing of the brass on request), with a solid wall fixing ring, each lamp has been re-electrified with new wiring by a professional, connection with socket converter for standard e27 bulb. - glasses in perfect condition - each lamp will be packaged in a wooden and foam box, tailor-made specifically for export this piece has an attribution mark, i am sure that it is completely authentic and take full responsibility for any authenticity issues arising from misattribution, european plug (up to 250v).the wiring of this item may be original and might need replacement, if not specified otherwise.